Consider the research question: Does the decoder rat do what the encoder rat does? That is, when the encoder is correct, is the decoder also correct, and when the encoder is wrong, is the decoder also wrong? Thinking about the data in this way, the data in Exercise III.7 can be reduced as shown below.

If the rats do not have a "mental link," then the probability of agreeing would equal the probability of disagreeing or H0: Pr[agree] = Pr[disagree].
(a) What is the alternative hypothesis for this research question?
(b) Use a χ2 goodness of fit test to test the hypothesis in (a).

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Agreement Disagreement in response in response 17 Total 50 Count