What does the urinary system consist of? Brain, spinal cord, and nerves Kidneys, liver, pancreas, and intestines Filter blood, two ureters, a urinary bladder, and a urethra to remove fluid waste out of the body Heart, lungs, and blood vessels

Filter blood, two ureters, a urinary bladder, and a urethra to remove fluid waste out of the body

What are the functions of the kidney? Filter air and exchange gases Transmit nerve impulses Produce insulin and glucagon Remove substances from blood, form urine, and regulate certain metabolic processes

Remove substances from blood, form urine, and regulate certain metabolic processes

What is the function of the ureter? Produce hormones Store urine Filter blood Carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder

Carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder

What is the function of the urethra? Stores urine Filters blood Carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body Produces hormones

Carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body

How are the kidneys positioned in the body? In the cranial cavity In the thoracic cavity In the pelvic cavity Retroperitoneally (against deep muscles of back)

Retroperitoneally (against deep muscles of back)

What is the renal medulla composed of? Renal pyramids (conical masses) Bowman's capsules Glomeruli Nephrons

Renal pyramids (conical masses)

What is hemodialysis? A technique for measuring blood pressure A method of filtering air An artificial means of removing substances from blood that would normally be excreted in urine A process of oxygenating blood

An artificial means of removing substances from blood that would normally be excreted in urine

Biology chapter 20

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Biology - Anatomy

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Cards in this deck(56)

What does the urinary system consist of?

What are the functions of the kidney?

What is the function of the ureter?

What is the function of the bladder?

What is the function of the urethra?

How are the kidneys positioned in the body?

How is the left kidney positioned compared to the right kidney?

What is the renal medulla composed of?

What is hemodialysis?

At rest, the renal arteries contain what percentage of the total cardiac output?

What are the functional units of the kidneys?

How many nephrons are in each kidney?

What do nephrons consist of?

What is the filtering portion of the nephrons?

What is the structure of the renal tubule?

What is the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is important in _____ the secretion of renin and the GFR.

The juxtamedullary nephrons are important in _____ balance.

What are the three steps of urine formation?

Out of 180 liters filtered, how many liters of urine are produced?

The normal composition of glomerular filtrate is mostly water, except for the _____.

What is the main force that moves substances through the glomerular capillary?

Due to _____, osmotic pressure of the blood resists filtration.

What is the most important factor affecting net filtration and GFR?

What factors can change the hydrostatic pressure in the glomerular capsule?

How is the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) described?

What effect do sympathetic impulses have on the rate of filtration?

When the sodium chloride concentration in the tubular fluid decreases, what does the macula densa do?

What happens when the medulla senses changes in sodium concentration?

What happens if sodium reabsorption increases?

If sodium moves out, what happens to water?

What controls ADH and oxytocin in the endocrine system?

What do Aldosterone and ADH affect the solute concentration of?

The cells lining the later portions of the distal convoluted tubule and the collecting ducts are _____ to water unless ADH is present.

Urea is a byproduct of what process?

Up to what percentage of urea is recycled and reabsorbed, and what percentage is excreted in the urine?

Uric acid is a product of the metabolism of what?

What is gout?

What is the composition of urine?

What factors can change urine composition?

What is renal clearance?

What are the ureters?

How is urine moved through the ureters?

What is a renal calculus?

What is the detrusor muscle?

What is the micturition reflex?

During urination, the detrusor muscle contracts and the external urethral sphincter must also _____ to allow urine to pass.

Where is the micturition reflex center located?

What is the urethra?

What can the presence of protein or glucose in urine indicate?

What are the three aspects involved in urinalysis?

What does the chemical analysis of urine solutes include?

With age, what changes occur in the kidneys?

What changes occur in the nephron with age?

What structures lose elasticity with age?

What does the process of FRE-big stand for?

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Biology chapter 20

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