What is respiration, including its role in gas exchange between the atmosphere, blood, and cells? The exchange of gases between the atmosphere, blood, and cells The process of inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide The movement of air in and out of the lungs The cellular process of producing energy

The exchange of gases between the atmosphere, blood, and cells

What are the protective mechanisms of the respiratory system? Larynx, pharynx, sinuses, nasal cavity Nose hairs, mucous membrane, goblet cells, cartilage, macrophages of the alveoli Cilia, alveolar sacs, pleural fluid, diaphragm Bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, trachea

Nose hairs, mucous membrane, goblet cells, cartilage, macrophages of the alveoli

What is the primary function of the respiratory system? Protect the body from pathogens Produce sound through vocal cords Filter and transport air to the body Regulate body temperature

Filter and transport air to the body

Which organs constitute the respiratory system? Nasal cavity, sinuses, larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, pharynx, lungs, diaphragm, heart, alveoli Heart, liver, kidneys, stomach, intestines Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands Brain, spinal cord, nerves, muscles

Nasal cavity, sinuses, larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, pharynx, lungs, diaphragm, heart, alveoli

Explain the role of oxygen at the cellular level in terms of ATP production. Serves as a structural component of cells Acts as a waste product in cellular respiration Used to accomplish ATP production during cellular respiration Functions as a neurotransmitter in the nervous system

Used to accomplish ATP production during cellular respiration

What is the function of the mucous membrane that lines the nasal cavity? To absorb nutrients from inhaled air To produce sound by vibrating To filter out large particles from inhaled air The mucous membranes warm and moisten the incoming air, increasing surface area

The mucous membranes warm and moisten the incoming air, increasing surface area

Where are the sinuses located in the human body? In the lower back region Within the abdominal cavity In the thoracic cavity near the lungs Frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary bones in the skull

Frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary bones in the skull

What are the functions of the sinuses in the human body? Filter toxins from the bloodstream Produce hormones that regulate metabolism Reduce the weight of the skull, serve as resonating chambers that affect the voice, and provide a passageway to drain mucus Store excess blood and regulate blood pressure

Reduce the weight of the skull, serve as resonating chambers that affect the voice, and provide a passageway to drain mucus

Comprehensive Respiratory System Study: Functions, Structures, and Processes

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Biology - Anatomy

snashuhaimdinx Created by 9 mon ago

Cards in this deck(56)

What is respiration, including its role in gas exchange between the atmosphere, blood, and cells?

What are the protective mechanisms of the respiratory system?

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

Which organs constitute the respiratory system?

Explain the role of oxygen at the cellular level in terms of ATP production.

What is the function of the mucous membrane that lines the nasal cavity?

What is the function of the cilia on the cells that line the nasal cavity?

Where are the sinuses located in the human body?

What are the functions of the sinuses in the human body?

What part of the respiratory tract is shared with the alimentary canal?

Distinguish the roles of the upper and lower respiratory system.

Describe the structure of the larynx.

Name and describe the cartilages of the larynx and describe their functions.

How do the vocal cords produce sounds?

What is the function of the epiglottis and the glottis?

What is the function of the cartilaginous rings in the tracheal wall?

How do the right and left bronchi differ in structure?

List the branches of the bronchial tree.

Describe structural changes in the respiratory tubes as their diameters decrease.

How are gases exchanged in the alveoli?

Where are the lungs located in relation to the pleural cavity?

What is the function of the serous fluid in the pleural cavity?

How does the structure of the right lung differ from that of the left lung?

What types of structures make up a lung?

Name the lobes of the lungs and identify their locations.

Describe the events in inspiration.

How does surface tension aid in expanding the lungs during inspiration?

What forces are responsible for normal expiration?

Compare the muscles of inspiration to the muscles of expiration.

What is tidal volume in the context of respiratory physiology?

Distinguish between inspiratory and expiratory reserve volumes.

How is vital capacity measured in respiratory physiology?

How is the total lung capacity calculated?

How is the minute ventilation calculated? The alveolar ventilation rate?

Explain the different air volume descriptions: inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, residual volume.

Explain the concept of the physiological dead space in the respiratory system.

Which nonrespiratory air movements help clear the air passages?

Which nonrespiratory air movements are used to express emotions?

What seems to be the function of a yawn in the respiratory system?

Where are the respiratory areas located in the human body?

Describe how the respiratory areas maintain a normal breathing rhythm.

Explain how the breathing rhythm may be changed.

What does the term partial pressure refer to in respiratory physiology?

Which chemical factors affect breathing?

Describe the inflation reflex in the context of respiratory physiology.

How does hyperventilation decrease respiratory rate?

Describe the structure of the respiratory membrane.

What causes oxygen and carbon dioxide to move across the respiratory membrane?

How is oxygen transported from the lungs to body cells?

What factors affect the release of oxygen from oxyhemoglobin?

Describe three ways carbon dioxide can be transported from cells to the lungs.

How can hemoglobin carry oxygen and carbon dioxide at the same time?

How do bicarbonate ions help buffer the blood (maintain its pH)?

What is the chloride shift in the context of respiratory physiology?

How is carbon dioxide released from the blood into the lungs?

Explain the gas exchange process, including the partial pressure gradient, the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the capillaries of lungs, and the conversion of blood from deoxygenated to oxygenated.

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Comprehensive Respiratory System Study: Functions, Structures, and Processes

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