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Computer Science - Computer Architecture

user_hassanuml Created by 9 mon ago

Cards in this deck(44)

The architecture of a computer system can be considered as a catalogue of tools or attributes visible to the user, such as instruction sets, number of bits used for data, and _____ techniques.

The organization of a computer system defines the way the system is structured so that all catalogued tools can be used. Significant components include ALU, CPU, memory, and _____ organization.

Computer architecture is concerned with the way hardware components are _____ together to form a computer system.

Computer organization is concerned with the structure and behavior of a computer system as seen by the _____.

Computer architecture acts as the interface between _____ and software.

Computer organization deals with the components of a _____ in a system.

Computer architecture helps us to understand the _____ of a system.

Computer organization tells us how exactly all the units in the system are _____ and interconnected.

A programmer can view computer architecture in terms of instructions, addressing modes, and _____.

Computer organization expresses the realization of _____.

While designing a computer system, _____ is considered first.

An _____ is done on the basis of architecture.

Computer architecture deals with _____-level design issues.

Computer organization deals with _____-level design issues.

Computer architecture involves logic such as instruction sets, addressing modes, data types, and _____ optimization.

Computer organization involves physical components such as circuit design, adders, signals, and _____.

In 1937, the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) design was known as the first digital electronic computer, though not _____.

ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was the first computing system designed in the early _____s.

In 1941, Z3 was invented by German inventor Konrad Zuse. It was the first working programmable, fully automatic _____ machine.

In 1947, transistors were invented at Bell Laboratories. They were a fraction the size of vacuum tubes and consumed less power, but the complex circuits were not easy to _____.

In 1959, Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce invented the Integrated Circuit. In July _____, Noyce filed a patent for this.

In 1968, Robert Noyce co-founded Intel Electronics company, which is still the global market leader in _____ manufacturing, research, and development.

In 1983, Lisa was launched as the first personal computer with a graphical user interface (GUI) that was sold _____.

In 1990, Apple released the Macintosh Portable; it was heavy, weighing 7.3 kg (16 lb), and extremely _____.

In 1990, Intel introduced the Touchstone Delta supercomputer, which had _____ microprocessors.

In 2001, Mac OS X, later renamed OS X then simply macOS, was released by Apple as the successor to its standard Mac _____ System.

In 2016, the first reprogrammable _____ computer was created.

In 2022, the first exascale supercomputer, and the world's fastest, Frontier, went online at the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility in _____.

Functional units of a computer system are parts of the CPU that perform the operations and calculations called for by the computer _____.

A computer consists of five main components, namely the input unit, central processing unit, memory unit, arithmetic & logical unit, control unit, and an _____ unit.

Input units are used by the computer to read the data. The most commonly used input devices are keyboards, mouse, joysticks, trackballs, and _____.

The central processing unit can be referred to as an electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out the instructions given by a computer program by performing basic arithmetic, logical, control, and _____ operations.

The memory unit can be referred to as the storage area in which programs are kept that are running and that contains data needed by the running _____.

The memory unit can be categorized in two ways, namely primary memory and _____ memory.

Primary storage is the fastest memory that operates at electronic speeds. It contains a large number of semiconductor storage cells, capable of storing a bit of information. The word length of a computer is between _____ bits.

RAM is also known as the volatile form of memory, meaning when the computer is shut down, anything contained in _____ is lost.

Cache memory is a kind of memory used to fetch data very soon. They are highly coupled with the _____.

Secondary memory is used when a large amount of data and programs have to be stored for a _____-term basis.

Secondary memory is also known as the non-volatile form of memory, meaning the data is stored permanently irrespective of _____.

The most common examples of secondary memory are magnetic disks, magnetic tapes, and _____ disks.

Most of all the arithmetic and logical operations of a computer are executed in the arithmetic & logic unit. It performs arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and also the logical operations like AND, OR, and NOT operations.

The control unit is a component of a computer's central processing unit that coordinates the operation of the processor. It tells the computer's memory, arithmetic/logic unit, and input and output devices how to respond to a program's _____.

The control unit is also known as the _____ center of a computer system.

The primary function of the output unit is to send the processed results to the user. _____ display information in a way that the user can understand.

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