Comprehensive Study of Biochemical Processes and Physiological Functions

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Biology - Physiology

user_jevbwl Created by 9 mon ago

Cards in this deck(76)

Which of the following advancements in the 21st century involves manipulating genes and altering DNA?

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What is important to focus on when critically evaluating a research study?

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Where is glycogen stored and what process breaks it down?

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What are macronutrients and their calorie yield per gram?

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What is the process of transformation of energy in living things called?

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What is the definition of cellular respiration?

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What are the steps of cellular respiration?

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Describe the steps of cellular respiration in detail.

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What is the ATP yield from cellular respiration and what accounts for the difference?

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Which enzyme is the rate-limiting step in cellular respiration?

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What is the ATP-PC system and which enzyme is involved?

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Under what circumstances does the body use the ATP-PC system?

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Describe glycolysis and its net gain of ATP.

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What are the two phases of glycolysis?

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What is the role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

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How many times does the process of glycolysis occur for each molecule of glucose?

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What are some common myths about lactate?

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What is anaerobic glycolysis and when does it occur?

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Can the reaction from CoA to pyruvate go backwards?

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Why does the reaction from CoA to pyruvate commit to the Krebs cycle?

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What is the beginning and ending substance of the Krebs Cycle?

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Describe oxidative phosphorylation.

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What is the tally of ATP production from glucose and glycogen?

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What is beta oxidation?

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Describe the process of beta oxidation.

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Does beta oxidation connect to the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation?

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What is gluconeogenesis?

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What is created during gluconeogenesis?

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What is broken down during glycogenolysis?

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What is EPOC and its role in post-exercise oxygen consumption?

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What is the physiological goal of EPOC?

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What is oxygen drift and when does it occur?

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When does oxygen drift occur?

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What does a value greater than 1 mean for RER during carbohydrate metabolism?

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What does a value greater than 1 mean for RER during the anaerobic threshold?

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What three overarching physiological processes are managed by hormones?

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Which endocrine gland is responsible for maintaining homeostasis?

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What functions are managed in the body by the hypothalamus?

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Which gland is known as the 'Master Gland' and what hormones does it produce?

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What hormones are produced by the pancreas?

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What hormone is produced by the kidneys and what is its function?

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What are the physiological actions of catecholamines?

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What is the resting membrane potential and how is it defined?

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What is the sodium-potassium pump and its role in maintaining resting membrane potential?

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What process occurs during the sodium-potassium pump?

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Which electrolytes are involved in the sodium-potassium pump?

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What type of substance is acetylcholine and where is it found?

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What is the function of acetylcholine in the body?

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What is a motor unit and what does it consist of?

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What are the parts of a motor unit?

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What are the branches of the Autonomic Nervous System?

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What are the functions of the branches in the ANS before, during, and after exercise?

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How do emotions affect the Autonomic Nervous System?

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What are the steps in the sliding filament theory?

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Explain the sliding filament theory in detail.

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What role does the Central Nervous System play during muscle cramping?

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What are the different muscle fiber types?

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How do the muscle fiber types create energy differently?

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What is stroke volume?

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How does stroke volume change during activity?

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What are the three cardiovascular centers in the medulla?

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Describe the functions of the three cardiovascular centers in the medulla.

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What is minute ventilation?

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How does minute ventilation change prior to, during, and after exercise?

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What causes a 'stitch in the side' during exercise?

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What type of exercise improves the buffering capacity of the body?

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What is the most important buffering system in the body?

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What is carb loading and its purpose?

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How does carb loading work?

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What is bicarbonate ingestion and its effect on the body?

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How does bicarbonate ingestion work?

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What is creatine and its role in the body?

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How does creatine work in the body?

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What is the effect of supplemental oxygen on performance?

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What is body composition and how is it measured?

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What is considered the gold standard for measuring body composition?

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