module ten - msk phys

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Biology - Physiology

user_pereira_de_andr Created by 9 mon ago

Cards in this deck(37)

The three primary functions of bone include structure, protection, and _____ for minerals.

The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is where the _____ terminates at the skeletal muscle fiber.

The neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction is _____.

The motor endplate at the NMJ is a thickened portion of the muscle membrane that serves as the _____ of synapse transmission.

The steps of depolarization at the NMJ include Ca2+ entry, ACh release, and _____ initiation.

In myasthenia gravis, antibodies attack _____ receptors at the NMJ.

A muscle fiber is a single cell that is multinucleated, long, cylindrical, and covered by the _____.

The sarcolemma is the _____ of a muscle fiber.

T-tubules, also known as transverse tubules, are responsible for _____ the action potential.

In the resting step of muscle contraction, myosin is not bound to _____.

During muscle contraction, calcium binds to troponin, causing a structural change that moves _____ away.

In muscle contraction, myosin binds to actin, releases ADP, and the muscle fiber _____.

For muscle relaxation, ATP binds to myosin, causing it to detach from _____.

Myosin resets via ATP hydrolysis, converting ATP to _____.

The main bone cell responsible for maintaining bone tissue is the _____.

Osteoblasts are responsible for building up bone with hydroxyapatite, collagen, and _____.

Osteoclasts reabsorb bone into component parts, which _____ serum calcium levels.

The hormone that stimulates osteoclast activity is _____.

The hormone that inhibits osteoclast activity is _____.

Bone is primarily composed of calcium, phosphate, and salts known as _____.

Trabecular bone is the inner part of bone that contains bone marrow and has a _____ function.

Cortical bone is the _____ part of bone and is the hardest.

Bone remodeling involves continuous adjustments for minerals and includes osteoclast breakdown and osteoblast _____.

The steps of fracture healing include inflammation, _____, and remodeling.

After a fracture, inflammation is initiated by DAMPs, which stands for _____.

During the inflammation phase of fracture healing, a _____ forms and necrotic tissue is removed.

In the reparative phase of fracture healing, neovascularization occurs and a _____ forms.

To form a callus, fibroblasts produce collagen and osteoblasts produce _____.

During the remodeling phase of fracture healing, the callus mineralizes and undergoes _____.

The three types of joints are fibrous, cartilaginous, and _____.

A synovial joint allows for a lot of movement and includes articular cartilage and an inner _____ membrane.

The articular cartilage of a synovial joint is a tough outer capsule made of collagen and a _____ mix.

The primary functions of synovial fluid include lubrication and _____.

A chondrocyte is a cartilage cell that maintains the breakdown and production of _____.

Type A cells in the inner synovial membrane are similar to _____ and play a role in immune response.

Type B cells in the inner synovial membrane produce _____, a component of synovial fluid.

Synovial joints contain a neurovascular supply that plays a role in the _____ arc.

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