Comprehensive Study of Bone Structures, Joints, and Orthopedic Concepts

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Medicine - Surgery

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Cards in this deck(100)

Spongy bone contains _____, found in the epiphysis and center of flat bones.

Hard bone, also known as cortical bone, is found in the _____ or shafts of long bones.

A small sac that lubricates for joint movement is called a _____.

Vertebrae and facial bones are examples of _____ bones.

The _____ produces red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells.

Carpal and tarsal bones are classified as _____ bones.

Ribs, sternum, and cranial bones are examples of _____ bones.

The fat center of the shaft in adults is known as _____ bone marrow.

The term _____ refers to the point of articulation between two bones.

The area of active bone growth is known as the _____.

The _____ is the covering of bone that anchors tendons and ligaments and nourishes the bone.

A _____ connects muscle to bone.

A _____ connects bone to bone.

A _____ bone is found within tendons, such as the patella or ball of the foot.

The humerus, femur, tibia, and fibula are examples of _____ bones.

Hematopoietic tissue is responsible for the formation of blood cells and is found in _____.

The alternate name for diarthrosis joints is _____ joints.

The _____ is the sesamoid bone found in the knee.

The movement toward the side, away from the midline, is known as _____.

The movement bringing a limb toward the midline is called _____.

Decreasing a joint angle is referred to as _____.

Straightening a joint is known as _____.

Turning downward, such as the palm of the hand, is called _____.

Turning upward, such as the palm of the hand, is referred to as _____.

The term _____ refers to pulling apart or separation.

The term _____ refers to being remote from the point of origin or attachment.

The term _____ refers to being nearest to the point of attachment or origin.

Bending the foot upward at the ankle is known as _____.

Bending the foot downward toward the sole is referred to as _____.

The term _____ refers to a position toward the front.

The term _____ refers to a position toward the back.

Pointing the toes or flexing the arm inward toward the midline is called _____.

Turning or flexing/rotating the toes or arm away from the midline is known as _____.

The _____ are stimulated by the parathyroid gland to dissolve bone and release calcium into the vascular system.

The hormone _____ from the thyroid gland activates osteoblasts to build more osteocytes.

Exercise is important for bone formation because without this stress, bones lose _____ at a rapid rate.

A bony growth (exostosis) on the medial aspect of the first toe is known as a _____.

A toe deformity also known as claw or mallet due to the position of joints is called _____.

Disruption of the blood supply due to trauma, disease, or medications can lead to _____.

Knees close to the midline increasing the space between the ankles is known as _____.

A tendon sheath cyst is referred to as a _____.

A partial dislocation of a joint is called a _____.

A stretched or torn ligament is known as a _____.

The term _____ refers to the great toe.

An injury to muscle or tendon due to overstretching is called a _____.

Tissue torn away from normal attachment(s) is referred to as an _____.

Locking or pain in a joint due to loose particles is known as _____.

The term _____ refers to the hip.

Turning outward away from the midline (laterally) is referred to as _____.

Turning inward toward the midline is known as _____.

The term _____ refers to the foot.

An abnormal stiffness or fixation of a joint is known as _____.

The main complication of osteoporosis is a _____ fracture.

An incomplete longitudinal tear forming a C-shape with displacement of the inner portion of the meniscus is called a _____.

An arthrography or arthrogram is an X-ray of a _____.

A benign tumor of the cartilage is called a _____, whereas a benign tumor of the bone is called an _____.

The _____ tumor is a malignant tumor primarily affecting young boys.

The malignant tumor osteosarcoma primarily affects the _____ bones.

The malignant tumor occurring in the bone marrow is called _____.

_____ is an inflammation and infection of the bone and bone marrow.

The genus _____ bacteria are the most common causative organisms.

A _____ is used for ankle and foot fractures, as well as triple arthrodesis.

A _____ is used for ulnar/radius or elbow fractures.

A _____ is used for immobilization of the hip/leg of the affected side and to mid-thigh of the unaffected leg.

A _____ is used for spine immobilization.

A _____ is used for knee immobilization.

A _____ is used for femur, tibia, fibula, and ankle fractures.

A(n) _____ fracture is caused by disease such as osteoporosis or bone cancer.

A complete fracture that penetrates the skin is a(n) _____ fracture.

A fracture that has more than two pieces, usually due to a direct crushing force, is called a _____.

When a patient slides off the roof, compressing the ends of the tibia into each other, it creates a(n) _____ fracture.

A fracture of the distal radius from falling onto an outstretched hand is called a(n) _____ fracture.

Following closed reduction, a _____ is commonly used for immobilization.

If a cast is placed too tight, _____ syndrome can occur.

A _____ screw has a wider thread and is used in epiphyseal bone.

A _____ screw has closely spaced shallow threads for dense bone found in the diaphysis.

A _____ screw is partially threaded to compress bone between the screw head and the distal threads.

A _____ screw has a hollow central shaft and is usually inserted over a guide wire or pin.

_____ wire segments with smaller diameter are used for stabilization fixation or as a guide for screws.

_____ pin segments in larger diameters are used for skeletal traction or as a guide pin for screws.

A _____ is placed in the intramedullary shaft for fractures of long bones to allow early ambulation.

_____ plates are used with screws and bent to fit the bone to hold fragments in place during healing.

_____ can be used to secure bone to bone, such as the sternum.

The _____ joint includes femoral/tibial and patellar components.

The _____ joint includes acetabular and femoral stem and head components.

A _____ is used for low-level current treatment of nonunion or delayed union.

_____ is used to attach tendon to bone as suture material.

A _____ is used to create the threads in the bone, typically cortical bone.

_____ is used as bone cement to hold prosthesis in place.

_____ are types of alloys used in the manufacturing process.

_____ is used for diagnosis, removal of loose bodies, and rotator cuff repairs.

_____ is used to treat limited painful ROM impingement syndrome.

_____ is used for recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder.

_____ is used to treat painful glenohumeral arthritis with significant loss of ROM or osteonecrosis.

_____ uses a shaver, burr, suture hook, and MITEK anchors for an arthroscopic repair.

The shoulder is a _____ joint.

The top of the glenoid cavity is formed by the bony point on the top of the shoulder called the acromion process of the _____.

The main function of the rotator cuff is to provide _____ and strength to the shoulder joint.

A _____ is used to determine the point for removal of the femoral head using a saw.

_____ are used to remove the articular cartilage.

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Comprehensive Study of Bone Structures, Joints, and Orthopedic Concepts

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