What are the four major groups of animals? Insects, Fish, Birds, Mammals Non-bilaterian lineages, Lophotrochozoan, Ecdysozoa, Deuterostomes Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals Mammals, Birds, Reptiles, Amphibians

Non-bilaterian lineages, Lophotrochozoan, Ecdysozoa, Deuterostomes

Animals are monophyletic and share which three traits? Photosynthetic, unicellular, sessile Single-celled, heterotrophic, immobile Autotrophic, lack nervous system, reproduce asexually Multicellular, heterotrophic, move under their own power at some point in life cycle

Multicellular, heterotrophic, move under their own power at some point in life cycle

All animals except sponges have nerve cells and muscle cells. What are their functions? Photosynthesis and nutrient absorption Transmit electrical signals and change body shape by contracting Respiration and circulation Reproduction and growth

Transmit electrical signals and change body shape by contracting

Who was JBS Haldane and what was his contribution to evolutionary biology? British geneticist, evolutionary biologist, founder of Modern Synthesis French chemist, discovered radioactivity German philosopher, known for existentialism American physicist, developed theory of relativity

British geneticist, evolutionary biologist, founder of Modern Synthesis

What body plan aspects are early evolution of animals based on? Metabolic rate, temperature regulation, locomotion Reproductive strategy, lifespan, social behavior Number of embryonic tissue layers, body symmetry, cephalization, body cavity, embryo development Color, size, habitat, diet

Number of embryonic tissue layers, body symmetry, cephalization, body cavity, embryo development

Intro to Animals

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Biology - Zoology

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Cards in this deck(98)

What are multicellular, heterotrophic eukaryotes that lack cell walls and ingest their prey?

What type of mutations to Hox genes can lead to fundamental changes in morphology and development?

What are the four major groups of animals?

Animals are monophyletic and share which three traits?

All animals except sponges have nerve cells and muscle cells. What are their functions?

Who was JBS Haldane and what was his contribution to evolutionary biology?

What body plan aspects are early evolution of animals based on?

What are tightly integrated structural and functional units of cells found in all animals?

What is the layer of tightly jointed cells that covers the body surface called?

What are animals whose embryos have two types of tissues or germ layers called?

What are the two germ layers in diploblasts?

What are animals whose embryos have three germ layers called?

What are the three germ layers in triploblasts?

What do embryonic germ layers develop into?

What is the function of the ectoderm in animal development?

What is the function of the endoderm in animal development?

What is the function of the mesoderm in animal development?

Most cnidarians and ctenophores are _____, meaning they have two germ layers.

Why was the evolution of mesoderm important?

All animals have a central nervous system (CNS) and bilateral symmetry except for which groups?

What type of body symmetry do sponges have?

What is a basic feature of multicellular body symmetry?

Animals with radial symmetry have how many planes of symmetry?

What is cephalization in animal development?

What is the cerebral ganglion or brain responsible for in animals?

How does cephalization and brain development benefit animals?

What is an enclosed, fluid-filled body cavity lined with mesoderm called?

What are triploblasts that do not have a coelom called?

What are triploblasts that possess a coelom called?

What does the coelom act as in soft-bodied animals?

All coelomates are part of which group?

What are the two main groups within Bilateria?

In protostomes, what develops before the anus and how is the coelom formed?

In deuterostomes, what develops before the mouth and how is the coelom formed?

What is gastrulation and what does it result in?

What are the closest living relatives of animals?

Protostomes are split into which two subgroups?

How do Lophotrochozoa grow and which animals are included in this group?

How do Ecdysozoa grow and which animals are included in this group?

What is the process of repeated body structures called?

What are vertebrates and what is a key characteristic of this group?

What are invertebrates and how are they classified?

What is the scientific name for sponges?

What characteristics do porifera and choanoflagellates share?

What does it mean for an organism to be sessile?

How do some animals use magnetism?

How do some aquatic predators use electric fields?

How do some birds use barometric pressure?

What are animals that feed on plants or algae called?

What are animals that feed on other animals called?

What are animals that feed on dead organic matter called?

What are animals that eat both plants and animals called?

Herbivores and carnivores can be subclassified as either _____ or parasites.

What are predators and how do they obtain food?

What are parasites and how do they obtain nutrients?

What are endoparasites?

What are ectoparasites?

What are viviparous species and how do they reproduce?

What are oviparous species and how do they reproduce?

What are ovoviviparous species and how do they reproduce?

What are the three types of animal life stages?

What are larvae and how do they differ from adults?

What are juveniles and how do they differ from adults?

What is the adult stage in animal life cycles?

What does it mean for an organism to be benthic?

What type of feeder are sponges?

What is the body symmetry of most sponges?

What tissue types do sponges lack except for epithelial?

How do adult sponges typically reproduce?

What is the mobility characteristic of adult sponges?

What is the structure of sponges that creates channels for water currents?

Where are sponges usually found?

What are spicules and what are they made of?

What are amoebocytes and what is their function in sponges?

What are sequential hermaphrodites and how do they reproduce?

In sponges, gametes are produced by which cells?

What are gemmules and how are they produced?

What is the simplest sponge body plan and how does it function?

What are syconoids and how do they differ from asconoids?

What are leuconoids and what is their significance in sponges?

What is the Calcarea class of sponges and what are their characteristics?

What is the Hexactinellidae class of sponges and what are their characteristics?

What is the Demospongiae class of sponges and what are their characteristics?

What is the polyp stage in cnidarians and how does it reproduce?

What is the medusa stage in cnidarians and how does it reproduce?

What is the larval stage in the cnidarian life cycle?

What are cnidarians and what are some examples?

What are the characteristics of cnidarians?

How do cnidarians capture prey?

What are the two main forms in the life cycle of cnidarians?

What is the phylum Eumetazoa and which animals are included?

What is the gastrodermis in cnidarians and what is its function?

What is mesoglea and what is its role in cnidarians?

What are nematocysts and what is their function?

What is the Hydrozoa class and what are its characteristics?

What is the Scyphozoa class and what are its characteristics?

What is the Cubozoa class and what are its characteristics?

What is the Anthozoa class and what are its characteristics?

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