For each of the five data sets described, answer the foll­owing three questions and then use Figure 2.2 to select an appropriate graphical display.
Question 1: How many variables are in the data set?
Question 2: Is the data set categorical or numerical?
Question 3: Would the purpose of a graphical display be to summarize the data distribution, to compare groups, or to investigate the relationship between two numerical variables?
Data Set 1: To learn about the heights of five- year- old children, the height of each child in a sample of 40 five- year- old children was measured.
Data Set 2: To see if there is a difference in car color preferences of men and women, each person in a sample of 100 males and each person in a sample of 100 females was shown pictures of a new model car in five different colors and asked to select which color they would choose if they were to purchase the car.
Data Set 3: To learn how GPA at the end of the freshman year in college is related to high school GPA, both high school GPA and freshman year GPA were determined for each student in a sample of 100 students who had just completed their freshman year at a particular college.
Data Set 4: To learn how the amount of money spent on a fast- food meal might differ for men and women, the amount spent on lunch at a particular fast- food restaurant was determined for each person in a sample of 50 women and each person in a sample of 50 men.
Data Set 5: To learn about political affiliation (Democrat, Republican, Independent, and so on) of students at a particular college, each student in a random sample of 200 students was asked to indicate his or her political affiliation.