For the following, identify the factor(s), the primary inferential procedure to perform and the key findings we’d look for. If a correlational design, indicate the predictor and criterion. If no parametric procedure can be used, indicate why.
(a) We measure babies’ irritability when their mother is present and when she is absent.
(b) We test the driving ability of participants who are either high, medium, or low in the personality trait of “thrill seeker.” For each type, we test some participants who have had either 0, 1, or 2 oz. of alcohol.
(c) Parents with alcoholism may produce adult children who are more prone to alcoholism. We compare the degree of alcoholism in participants with alcoholic parents to those with nonalcoholic parents.
(d) To study dark adaptation, participants were asked to identify stimuli after sitting in a dim room for 1 minute, again after 15 minutes, and again after 30 minutes.
(e) We study whether people who smoke cigarettes are more prone to be drug abusers. We identify participants who are smokers or nonsmokers, and for each, count the number who are high or low drug abusers.
(f) To test if creativity scores change with age, we test groups of 5-, 10-, or 15-year-olds. We also identify them as Caucasian or non-Caucasian to determine if age-related changes in creativity depend on race.
(g) As in part (f) we measure the age scores and creativity scores of all students in the school district, again separating Caucasian and non-Caucasian.