Giant Construction Toys Corp. is using a costs-of-quality approach to evaluate design engineering efforts for a new toy robot. The company's senior managers expect the engineering work to reduce appraisal, internal failure, and external failure activities. The predicted reductions in activities over the two-year life of the toy robot follow. Also shown are the cost allocation rates for the activities.

Requirements
1. Calculate the predicted quality cost savings from the design engineering work.
2. The company spent $70,000 on design engineering for the new toy robot. What is the net benefit of this "preventive" quality activity?
3. What major difficulty would management have had in implementing this costs-of-quality approach? What alternative approach could it use to measure quality improvement?

Activity Cost Allocation Rate Predicted Reduction in Activity Units 390 390 3,500 875 310 per Unit $19 Activity Inspection of incoming materials . Inspection of finished goods . Number of defective units discovered in-house Number of defective units discovered by customers . Lost sales to dissatisfied customers $33 $17 $43 $61