How do you suppose that higher tax rates have affected the inventive for Greek residents to engage

Question:

How do you suppose that higher tax rates have affected the inventive for Greek residents to engage in tax avoidance, or legally reducing tax liabilities, including earning less income that is subjected to taxation?
Why do you suppose that second- and third-generation females of U.S. immigrant families are found to be more likely to accept working alongside males in higher-paying jobs?