Import quotas and voluntary export restrictions are often used instead of tariffs.
a. What real difference, if any, is there among quotas, voluntary export restrictions (VERs), and tariffs?
b. Explain why lobbyists for some import-competing industries (such as cheese, milk, shoes) support import quotas while lobbyists for others (such as pizza manufacturers, soft drink manufacturers, retail stores) oppose them.
c. Would you expect labour unions to support or oppose import quotas? Why?