Integrated Pest Management (IPM) adopters apply significantly less insecticides and fungicides than nonadopters among grape producers. The paper €œEnvironmental and Economic Consequences of Technology Adoption: IPM in Viticulture€ [Agricultural Economics (2008) 18: 145€“ 155] contained the following adoption rates for the six states that account for most of the U. S. production. A survey of 712 grape- producing growers asked whether or not the growers were using an IPM program on the farms.

a. Provide a graphical display of the data.
b. Is there significant evidence that the proportions of grape farmers who have adopted IPM are different across the six states?

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State IPM adopted IPM not adopted 92 69 114 Total Cal. Mich New York Oregon Pe Wash Total 22 24 30 189 88 83 7523 110 107 107 712 39 55 19 131 124 133