Mason owns a passive activity that generates a loss of $14,000 in 2015, $12,000 in 2016, and income of $4,000 in 2017. In 2016, Mason purchases a second passive activity that has passive income of $6,000 in 2016 and $10,000 in 2017. Discuss the effect of Mason's passive activity investments on his taxable income in 2015, 2016, and 2017. Assume that neither passive activity involves rental real estate.