Question: One can make a theoretical estimate of the proper diameter for a penstock in an impulse turbine installation, as in Fig. P11.95. Let L and

One can make a theoretical estimate of the proper diameter for a penstock in an impulse turbine installation, as in Fig. P11.95. Let L and H be known, and let the turbine performance be idealized by Eqs. (11.38) and (11.39). Account for friction loss hf in the penstock, but neglect minor losses. Show that (a) the maximum power is generated when hf = H/3, (b) the optimum jet velocity is (4gH/3)1/2, and (c) the best nozzle diameter is Dj = [D5/(2fL)]1/4, where f is the pipe-friction factor.

One can make a theoretical estimate

Reservoir Impulse H wheel Penstock: L D

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