Protecting the operating system is crucial to ensuring that the computer system operates correctly. Provision of this protection is the reason behind dual-mode operation, memory protection, and the timer. To allow maximum flexibility, however, we would also like to place minimal constraints on the user. The following is a list of operations that are normally protected. What is the minimal set of instructions that must be protected?
a. Change to user mode.
b. Change to monitor mode.
c. Read from monitor memory.
d. Write into monitor memory.
e. Fetch an instruction from monitor memory.
f. Turn on timer interrupt.
g. Turn off timer interrupt.