Selected account information (in $ millions) from Target Corporation's 2011 annual report follows. While the company has authorized the issuance of 5 million shares of preferred stock, none have been issued.

Required
a. Calculate Target Corporation's return on assets for 2011.
b. Calculate Target Corporation's return on common stockholders' equity for 2011.
c. Is Target Corporation's financial leverage positive or negative? How do youknow?

2011 2010 Net income Total assets Total common shareholders' equity $2,929 $46,630 $15,821 $ 2,920 $43,705 $15,487