Consider the prime field Z P of characteristic p 0. a. Show that, for p 2,

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Consider the prime field ZP of characteristic p≠ 0. 

a. Show that, for p ≠ 2, not every element in ZP is a square of an element of Zp.

b. Using part (a), show that there exist finite fields of p2 elements for every prime p in Z+


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