In stable populations, ones that are neither increasing nor decreasing in abundance (e.g., there are a million trees now and there will be a million trees a thousand years from now), about how many of a plant’s seeds survive and grow to adulthood, being able to replace it when it dies? If during the plant’s lifetime it produces 100,000 seeds, how many do not survive, do not grow, and cannot replace it when it dies. (Do not think of humans, as we are an increasing population, not a stable one. Almost all our children survive, but that is not true of any other species.)