Think about a time when you liked, forwarded, or reposted something online that turned out to be untrue or misleading. Or have you told a friend or family member something you read that wasn’t verified? What was the result? Which of the steps in Figure 4 did you miss?

In retrospect, what could you have done differently to check the information first?

Figure 4

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Assess the Website Are the organization and author identified? What is the purpose of the site based on the description and domain (e.g.,.edu, .org, .com, or .gov)? Check the Author What else has the author published? What is the author's expertise? How credible and objective is the author? Read Carefully Is the story covered in depth, or is it just "clickbait"-a dramatic headline? Do you find spelling errors or incorrect uses of grammar? Follow Links Are research sources properly documented and cited? Are links live-not broken-and do they refer to other reputable sites? Check Dates How old is the site or article? How often and when was the site last updated? Consider the Joke Is the story intended to be satire? Do credible news organizations verify the information? Check Your Biases Are any biases in Figure 3 preventing you from distinguishing between opinion and fact? Have you checked opposing views on the topic? Ask Experts Do nonpartisan fact-checking sites (e.g., FactCheck.org, PolitiFact, Snopes) verify the information? Does a librarian confirm information if you have questions?