Base64 encoding allows arbitrary sequences of octets to be represented by printable characters. The encoding process represents 24-bit groups of input bits as strings of four encoded characters.The 24-bit groups are formed by concatenating three octets.

These 24-bit groups are then treated as four concatenated 6-bit groups, each of which is translated to a character of the Base64 alphabet.The encoded output stream is represented by lines of no more than 76 printable characters, with line breaks being indicated by the “CR, LF” character sequence. How much will a file be expanded by encoding it with Base64?