a. A student conducted the experiment from Practical Activity 31.2. The results from the experiment are shown below:
x = 300 mm d = 3 mm
Use this data to estimate the diameter of the Sun.
b. The actual value for the diameter of the Sun is 1.4 × 10⁹ m. Determine the percentage difference between your calculated value and the actual value.

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PRACTICAL ACTIVITY 31.2 The diameter of the Sun You can estimate the diameter of our closest star, the Sun, using a simple pin-hole camera. You can make this camera using a shoe-box. One end of the box has a sheet of darkened paper (or aluminum foil) with a tiny hole made with a sharp pin. The opposite end of the box has a sheet of tracing paper, which acts as a screen. A circular image of the Sun is formed on the screen when the camera is pointed towards the Sun. See Figure 31.5. 1.5 x 10m Sun pin-hole screen image of Sun seen pin-hole camera on screen Figure 31.5: You can determine the diameter D of the Sun using a simple pin-hole camera. Measure the distance x between the pin-hole and the screen. The distance of the Sun from the Earth is 1.5 x 1011 m. The diameter D of the Sun can be determined using simple trigonometry: tan e = 1.5x10" Therefore: 1.5x 10" xd D