Table 2.13 shows data from the 2002 General Social Survey cross classifying a person’s perceived happiness with their family income. The table displays the observed and expected cell counts and the standardized residuals for testing independence.

a. Show how to obtain the estimated expected cell count of 35.8 for the first cell.

b. For testing independence, X2 = 73.4. Report the df value and the P-value, and interpret.

c. Interpret the standardized residuals in the corner cells having counts 21 and 83.

d. Interpret the standardized residuals in the corner cells having counts 110 and 94.