Thionyl chloride, SOCl₂, is an important chlorinating and oxidizing agent in organic chemistry. It is prepared industrially by oxygen atom transfer from SO₃ to SCl₂. 

(a) Give the electron configuration for an atom of sulfur using an orbital box diagram. Do not use the noble gas notation.
(b) Using the configuration given in part (a), write a set of quantum numbers for the highest energy electron in a sulfur atom.
(c) What element involved in this reaction (O, S, Cl) should have the smallest ionization energy? The smallest radius?
(d) Which should be smaller: the sulfide ion, S²⁻, or a sulfur atom, S?
(e) If you want to make 675 g of SOCl₂, what mass of SCl₂ is required?
(f) If you use 10.0 g of SO₃ and 10.0 g of SCl₂, what is the theoretical yield of SOCl₂?
(g) ∆_rH° for the reaction of SO₃ and SCl₂ is −96.0 kJ/mol SOCl₂ produced. 

Transcribed Image Text:

SO3(g) + SCl₂(g) → SO₂(g) +SOCl₂(g)