The owner of a 3400-lb pickup truck tests the action of his rear-wheel shock absorbers by applying a steady 100-lb force to the rear bumper and measuring a static deflection of 3 in. Upon sudden release of the force, the bumper rises and then falls to a maximum of 12 in. below the unloaded equilibrium position of the bumper on the first rebound. Treat the action as a one-dimensional problem with an equivalent mass of half the truck mass. Find the viscous damping factor ζ for the rear end and the viscous damping coefficient c for each shock absorber assuming its action to be vertical.

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100 lb [Equil. |position 3"