Consider a transition of X → Y. Assume that the only difference between X and Y is the presence of three hydrogen bonds in Y that are absent in X. What is the ratio of X to Y when the reaction is in equilibrium? Approximate your answer by using Table 3−1 (p. 96), with 4.2 kJ/mole as the energy of each hydrogen bond. If Y instead has six hydrogen bonds that distinguish it from X, how would that change the ratio?

Transcribed Image Text:

TABLE 3-1 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE STANDARD FREE- ENERGY CHANGE, AG°, AND THE EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT Equilibrium Constant [X]/[M] 105 104 103 10² 10 1 10-1 10-² 10-3 10-4 10-5 Standard Free-Energy Change (AG) for Reaction Y→ X (kJ/mole) -29.7 -23.8 -17.8 -11.9 -5.9 0 5.9 11.9 17.8 23.8 29.7