An unlabeled bottle of liquid has spilled, and you?re trying to find out whether it?s relatively harmless ethyl alcohol or toxic benzene. You submerge a glass block with n = 1.52 in the liquid, and shine a laser beam so it strikes the submerged glass with incidence angle 31.5?. You measure the angle of refraction in the glass at 27.9?. Which liquid is it? (See Table 30.1.)

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Table 30.1 Indices of Refraction* Substance Index of Refraction, n Gases Air 1.000293 Carbon dioxide 1.00045 Liquids Water 1.333 Ethyl alcohol Glycerine 1.361 1.473 Benzene 1.501 Diiodomethane 1.738 Solids Ice (H2O) 1.309 Polystyrene 1.49 Glass 1.5–1.9 Sodium chloride (NaCI) 1.544 Diamond (C) 2.419 Rutile (TiO,) 2.62 *At 1 atm pressure and temperatures ranging from 0°C to 20°C, measured at a wavelength of 589 nm (the yellow line of sodium).