Monique is a self-employed manufacturer's representative (i.e., an independent contractor) who solicits business for numerous clients and receives a commission based on sales. She incurs the following expenditures during the current year:

Airfare and lodging while away from home overnight	$ 4,000
Business meals while traveling at which business is discussed	1,000
Local transportation costs for automobile, parking, tolls, etc. (business-related)	2,000
Commuting expenses	1,000
Local entertainment of customers	2,000
Total	$10,000

a. Which of the expenditures listed above (if any) are deductible by Monique for 2017? Hovv would your answers change if the tax year were 2018 rather than 2017?

b. Are each of these items classified as for AGI or from AGI deductions?

c. How would your answers to Parts a and b change if Monique were an employee rather than self-employed and none of the expenses were reimbursed by her employer?