Problems 28 through 30 develop a method of computing powers of a square matrix. If then show

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Problems 28 through 30 develop a method of computing powers of a square matrix.


If


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then show that


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where I denotes the 2 x 2 identity matrix. Thus every 2 x 2 matrix A satisfies the equation


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where det A = ad - bc denotes the determinant of the matrix A, and trace A denotes the sum of its diagonal elements. This result is the 2-dimensional case of the Cayley- Hamilton theorem of Section 6.3.

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Differential Equations And Linear Algebra

ISBN: 9780134497181

4th Edition

Authors: C. Edwards, David Penney, David Calvis

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