Sidley Brown, a fixed-income associate at KMR Capital, is analyzing the effect of interest rate volatility on the values of callable and putable bonds issued by Weather Analytics (WA). WA is owned by the sovereign government, so its bonds are considered default free. Brown is currently looking at three of WA’s bonds and has gathered the following information about them:

The one-year, two-year, and three-year par rates are 4.400%, 4.700%, and 5.000%, respectively. Based on an estimated interest rate volatility of 15%, Brown has constructed the following binomial interest rate tree:

The price of Bond X is closest to:

A. 96.057% of par.

B. 99.954% of par.

C. 100.547% of par.

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Characteristic Times to maturity Coupon Type of bond Price (as a % of par) Bond X Three years from today 5.2% annual Callable at par one year and two years from today Not available Bond Y Three years from today Not available Callable at par one year and two years from today 101.325 Bond Z Three years from today 4.8% annual Putable at par two years from today Not available