1. Using the production function in Equation (3.2) and annual data for real GDP, the capital stock, and civilian employment from the sources in Table 3.1, calculate and graph U.S. total factor productivity for the period since 1960. Calculate and graph the growth rate of total factor productivity. In what period was total factor productivity growth highest? Lowest? Compare your graph to a graph of the civilian unemployment rate. How does productivity behave in periods around recessions? How was productivity affected by the oil shocks of 1973–1975, 1979–1980, 1990, and 2003–2008?