Determine the drag force imparted to the top surface of the flat plate of Example 6.4 for water temperatures of 300 K and 350 K. Assume the plate dimension in the z-direction is W = 1m.

Example 6.4

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The bulk thermal conductivity of a nanofluid containing uniformly dispersed, noncontacting spherical nanoparticles may be approximated by nf kp + 2kDE +20(kp - Kbf) bf kp +2kbt9(kp-Kbt)_ kor where is the volume fraction of the nanoparticles, and k₁, kp, and knf are the thermal con- ductivities of the base fluid, particle, and nanofluid, respectively. Likewise, the dynamic viscosity may be approximated as [20] Mnt = Mbf (1+2.54) Determine the values of Knis Pais Cp.ni Mnfs and anf for a mixture of water and Al₂O3 nanoparticles at a temperature of T = 300 K and a particle volume fraction of p = 0.05. The thermophysical properties of the particle are kp = 36.0 W/m K, pp = 3970 kg/m³, and Cp.p = 0.765 kJ/kg K.