Over 90 percent of the energy dissipated by an incandescent light bulb is in the form of heat, not light. What is the temperature of a vacuum-enclosed tungsten filament with an exposed surface area of 2.03 cm² in a 100 W incandescent light bulb? The emissivity of tungsten at the anticipated high temperatures is about 0.35. Note that the light bulb consumes 100 W of electrical energy, and dissipates all of it by radiation.
(a) 1870 K

(b) 2230 K

(c) 2640 K

(d) 3120 K

(e) 2980 K