48. Interprovincial migration 2015 Below are data showing the net interprovincial migration each year for Ontario and Alberta (the number arriving minus the number leaving). Note that each year actually stands for a non-calendar year period ending in that particular year.

Year Ontario Alberta 1978/1979 -4 325 33 426 1979/1980 -22 362 41 435 1980/1981 -33 247 44 250 1981/1982 -5 665 36 562 1982/1983 23 585 -11 650 1983/1984 36 400 -31 986 1984/1985 33 885 -20 771 1985/1986 33 562 -3 831 1986/1987 42 601 -29 998 1987/1988 35 215 -23 223 1988/1989 9 739 -1 528 1989/1990 -5 961 5 593 1990/1991 -11 627 8 983 1991/1992 -11 045 2 983 1992/1993 -14 189 -1 181 1993/1994 -9 420 -1 630 1994/1995 -2 841 -556 1995/1996 -2 822 7 656 1996/1997 1 977 26 282 1997/1998 9 231 43 089 1998/1999 16 706 25 191 1999/2000 22 369 22 674 2000/2001 18 623 20 457 2001/2002 5 354 26 235 2002/2003 637 11 903 2003/2004 -6 935 10 606 2004/2005 -11 172 34 423 2005/2006 -17 501 45 795 2006/2007 -20 047 33 809 2007/2008 -14 750 15 317 2008/2009 -15 601 13 184 2009/2010 -4 662 -3 271 2010/2011 -4 007 8 443 2011/2012 -10 611 27 652 2012/2013 -13 901 38 598 2013/2014 -14 564 35 382 2014/2015 -8 763 28 921

a) Plot Alberta net migration versus Ontario net migration for each year.

b) Describe the nature of the association.

c) Calculate the correlation.

d) Why would you expect a negative association? Is it possible to have a positive correlation here? Why (or why not)? If there were only two provinces in Canada, what would the correlation have to equal, and why?