44. The article “Oxygen Consumption During Fire Suppression: Error of Heart Rate Estimation” (Ergonomics, 1991: 1469–1474) reported the following data on oxygen consumption (mL/kg/min) for a sample of ten firefighters performing a fire-suppression simulation:

29.5 49.3 30.6 28.2 28.0 26.3 33.9 29.4 23.5 31.6 Compute the following:

a. The sample range

b. The sample variance s2 from the definition (i.e., by first computing deviations, then squaring them, etc.)

c. The sample standard deviation

d. s2 using the shortcut method