Using the alternative calculation formula verify analysis of variance table for the paper-strength in Example 4.

Data From Example 4

EXAMPLE 4 Confidence intervals quantify the amount of difference The old way of testing the strength of paper with a special tearing machine is by testing a single sheet (ply). It has been suggested that measuring 5 sheets together (5 plys) and then adjusting to the single-thickness strength would be a better pro- cedure. The first question is whether or not the two procedures give essentially the same value for strength. There is a strong element of experimental design involved here. Five pieces of paper are cut in half. One-half of each piece is randomly selected and its strength obtained. Next, the 5 remaining halves are tested together as the