Match the four types of differences in accounting values mentioned in the text to the examples below:

A. Professional judgment versus statutory control B. Uniformity versus flexibility C. Conservatism versus optimism D. Secrecy versus transparency

——In the former Soviet Union, all companies had to use the same accounts and accounting methods. In the United States, companies have a choice of accounting methods, and their accountants can use the method that they think best describes their companies. (This could fit more than one of the differences in values.)

——You and your friend are both unsure what grade you will get in a course. It could be an A, but it could also be a B. You tell your parents you are likely to get a B, but your friend tells her parents she expects an A.

——For financial reporting purposes, companies estimate an expense each period for the losses they expect to have on obsolete inventory. For tax accounting, companies are not allowed to estimate this expense.

Instead, they can only record an expense when they actually discard the obsolete inventory.

——The Hershey Company, makers of chocolate bars, is a public company and each year reports its financial results to the public. Mars, Inc. is another large maker of candy and other products. It is not a public company, and it does not publish its financial statements.