Which group has the greater ability to change an organization—senior leaders or middle managers?

Viewpoint: Senior leaders have far more impact and ability to change an organization for several reasons. First, they create and interpret organizational policies. Second, they assess the environment and develop strategy. Third, they control the budget and make the ultimate decisions regarding executive hires. Fourth, they have better insight into environmental trends than do middle managers. Last, their span of control is greater, and they work closely with the board.

Questions

Do you agree with this viewpoint? Why? Why not? What points do you think are untrue of today’s senior leaders?