For an arbitrary random variable Y and a ?-algebra F A, generated by observing some event A,

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For an arbitrary random variable Y and a ?-algebra FA, generated by observing some event A, the variance decomposition

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holds. Show that the unconditional variance of the least-squares estimator|??? is

image

where X is the usual data matrix, containing a column of ones and the regressors Xt, for t = 1, . . . , T.

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