Question: Note that in the Hafele-Keating experiments the total error in the eastward and westward flights was comparable, (pm 23) and (pm 21) nanoseconds, respectively, but

Note that in the Hafele-Keating experiments the total error in the eastward and westward flights was comparable, $\pm 23$ and $\pm 21$ nanoseconds, respectively, but that the percentage error was much greater for the eastward flights.

(a) What is the reason for that? What is the lesson one might draw for other experiments or theoretical calculations?

(b) Note also that in the calculated differences between the traveling and stay-at-home clocks, the special-relativistic (velocity) effect is negative for the eastward flights and positive for the westward flights. Why was that?

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a For the eastern flights the altitude and velocity effects had opposite signs so tend to cancel one ... View full answer

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