Ion transporters are “linked” together—not physically, but as a consequence of their actions. For example, cells can raise their intracellular pH, when it becomes too acidic, by exchanging external Na+ for internal H⁺, using a Na⁺–H⁺ antiporter. The change in internal Na⁺ is then redressed using the Na⁺-K⁺ pump.

A. Can these two transporters, operating together, normalize both the H⁺ and the Na⁺ concentrations inside the cell?

B. Does the linked action of these two pumps cause
imbalances in either the K+ concentration or the membrane
potential? Why or why not?