14.1 An ongoing problem on college campuses is the instructor evaluation form. To aid in interpreting the results of such evaluations, a study was made to determine whether any relationship exists between the stage of a student’s academic career and his attitude with respect to whether the academic work load in his courses could be considered as lighter than it should be, at the appropriate level, or heavier than it should be.

A stratified random sample yielded the following results:

Sophomore Junior Senior Believe work load is lighter than it should be 5 8 11 Believe work load is at the appropriate level 30 35 40 Believe work load is heavier than it should be 25 17 9

(a) Test the null hypothesis that there is no association between the stage of a student’s career and attitude with respect to the appropriateness of the academic work load.

(b) Measure the degree of association.