Question: Suppose (q) is outside the irregularly shaped surface in Figure 24.26. Show that the electric flux due to (q) through the closed surface is zero.
Suppose \(q\) is outside the irregularly shaped surface in Figure 24.26. Show that the electric flux due to \(q\) through the closed surface is zero. (Draw a small wedge from \(q\) through the surface and determine the electric flux through the two intersections between the wedge and the surface.)

Figure 24.26 Formal proof of Gauss's law. (a) spherical Gaussian surface 1 spherical Gaussian surface 2, irregular surface wedge dA dA, dA (b) dA: intersection of wedge and spherical Gaussian surface 2 dA: intersection of wedge dA, and irregular surface dA: intersection of wedge and spherical Gaussian surface 1 dA di E
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