Following are errors, frauds, or other circumstances that an auditor might encounter as a result of applying substantive tests to cash balances as of December 31.

a. The petty cash fund is short $75. 

b. Cash in banks is overstated by $1,500.

c. Several checks were issued on December 31, but were postdated January 2. 

d. Outstanding checks per the bank reconciliation do not agree with the cash disbursements journal. 

e. The December 31 bank reconciliation contains several discrepancies.

f. On December 31, the sum of $15,000 was transferred from an account in the First National Bank to an account in Tower Savings Bank. 

g. On December 31, the client transferred $25,000 to a wholly owned subsidiary. 

Required: 

Indicate a specific procedure (or procedures) that might detect each error, fraud, or circumstance and identify the assertion(s) addressed by each procedure.