Consider S , the estimator of , from Exercise 9.29. Analysts often use S rather than dividing by n 1, the degrees of

Consider S′ , the estimator of σ , from Exercise 9.29.

Analysts often use S′ rather than dividing by n – 1, the degrees of freedom in the sample.

1. What is the bias of S′ ?

2. Show that the bias of S′ approaches zero as n → ∞.