Life expectancy is defined as the average number of years a person born in a given country is expected to live if mortality rates at each age were to remain steady in the future. The file LifeExpectancy contains data about female, male, and overall life expectancies for 183 countries around the world.

a. Perform a multidimensional scaling analysis on the various countries based on female, male, and total life expectancy.

b. What conclusions can you reach about which countries are most similar?