A municipal wastewater contains 0.016 mg/L of cadmium. The plant effluent is discharged to a river. Based on operational data, 25% of the in fluent cadmium appears in the 100 mg of digested sludge solids produced per liter of wastewater processed. Calculate the concentration of cadmium in the plant effluent in milligrams per liter. If the concentration limit of cadmium in the river waste is 0.0013 mg/L to protect aquatic life, what dilution ratio of plant effluent to cadmium free river water is needed?

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