${?}_{{?}_{{?}_{?}}{?}_{{?}_{?}}{?}_{{?}_{?}}{?}_{i}s\text{a}\text{s}\text{t}\text{a}\text{t}\text{i}\text{s}\text{t}\text{i}\text{c}\text{a}\text{l}\text{l}\text{y}\text{b}\text{a}\text{s}\text{e}\text{d}\text{p}\text{h}\text{i}\text{l}\text{o}\text{s}\text{o}\text{p}\text{h}\text{y}\text{t}\text{h}\text{a}\text{t}\text{a}\text{i}\text{m}\text{s}to\text{r}\text{e}\text{d}\text{u}\text{c}\text{e}\text{d}\text{e}\text{f}\text{e}\text{c}\text{t}\text{s}\text{,}\text{b}\text{o}\text{o}\text{s}\text{t}\text{p}\text{r}\text{o}\text{d}\text{u}\text{c}\text{t}\text{i}\text{v}\text{i}\text{t}\text{y}\text{,}eliminate\text{w}\text{a}\text{s}\text{t}\text{e}\text{,}\text{a}\text{n}\text{d}\text{c}\text{u}\text{t}costs\text{t}\text{h}\text{r}\text{o}\text{u}\text{g}\text{h}\text{o}\text{u}\text{t}\text{a}\text{c}\text{o}\text{m}\text{p}\text{a}\text{n}\text{y}\text{.}}$

Group $of$ answer choices

ISO $9000$

Just$-in-$time

Six Sigma

Lean production

Upstreaming