$(10$ points$)$ Consider the following code segments:

#include

#include

int main$()\{$

for $($int i $=0$; i $<2$; $++$i$)\{$

if $(($fork$()$ && fork$())||!$fork$())\{$

printf$("$A$")$;

fflush$($stdout$)$;

$\}$

$\}$

$\}$

$($a$)$ Determine the total number of $"$A$"$s output by the given program,

assuming it operates normally. Provide a brief explanation for

your answer.